Glossary of Workwear Terms and Definitions
Herewith a list of terms with explanations used in our descriptions and articles about our products. We carry a wide variety of workwear items from many brands you know, like Carhartt, Dickies, and Timberland, and perhaps some you might want to know, like Under Armour, Berne, and Keen. We try to give you a good idea of what to expect with each item, but it's possible some of our descriptions use terms a little more technical than in common use. Just surf over here, and we'll try to clarify and educate. Browse around, you might learn something. (We did.)
- C
- C-Cap
- Cambrelle
- Canvas
- Carhartt Linings
- Cement Construction
- Chainsaw Cut Resistant
- Choil
- Chrome-Tanned Leather
- Cinch Hooks
- Clarino Fibers
- Clute Cut
- ColdGear
- Comfort Core
- Composite
- Compressor
- Conductive Footwear
- Contourgrip
- Convertible Collar
- CoolMax
- Cordura
- Cotton Duck
- Cowhide
- CR-Foam
- Crafter Fleece
- Crazy Horse Leather
- Crew Length
- Crimson Red Lenses
- CrossTech
- Cushmesh Lining
- Abzorb is a comfort material that provides shock absorption and resists compression set by retaining up to 95% of its initial shape. (back to top)
Abzorb
- Acrylic is a man-made fiber that provides softness and warmth with little weight, and high durability. Acrylic's inherent properties allow it to hold brighter and more brilliant colors than its natural fiber counterparts.
Acrylic
(back to top) - Action Leather is split leather finished with a polyurethane coating.
Action Leather
(back to top) - An anti-microbial finish found in a footbed or lining that minimizes odor and reduces possible infection from fungus.
Aegis
(back to top) - Aeromesh is a knitted fabric of open texture with evenly spaced holes.
Aeromesh
(back to top) - Aeromet by Weinbrenner (patent pending) is a revolutionary concept in internal metatarsal protection. Aeromet cushions the instep under a series of air bags and other shock-absorbing materials to provide maximum comfort as well as protection in excess of ANSI Z41 MT/75 standards. Upon impact, the Aeromet system helps deflect and disperse the blow into hundreds of air chambers which help to protect and cushion the instep. (back to top)
Aeromet
- Air Bob Soles are dotted with rounded knobs which have hollow cores. These "bobs" flex when contacting hard surfaces. Each bob acts as an independent “claw,” gripping where it contacts the ground. Air bob outsoles are good in rocks and dry dirt, and they are self-cleaning. The rounded design and amount of space between bobs discourages mud buildups.
Air Bob Soles
(back to top) - Air Cushion Midsoles are a feature provided by Merrell Shoes, has an air chamber for shock absorption. It also creates a pronounced heel cup, which keeps the heel centered in the boot and helps stabilize the foot. (back to top)
Air Cushion Midsoles
- An Airthotic is a half-length, molded, perforated polyurethane instep that cups the heel and supports the arch area of the foot. It is more rigid than a foam footbed. (back to top)
Airthotic
- APMA represents approximately 80% of the podiatrists in the country. (back to top)
American Podiatric Medical Association
- Angled Glove Construction allows for exceptional flexibility with no seams in the palm area to obstruct work or cause fatigue.
Angled Glove Construction
(back to top) - Aniline Leather is dyed in a vat process with no color coating added to the surface. Because it doesn't have a top coating the leather breathes more easily. It's one of the most expensive leathers and is prized for a soft, natural feel.
Aniline Leather
(back to top) - The American National Standards Institute oversees the creation, promulgation and use of thousands of norms and guidelines that directly impact businesses in nearly every sector, including footwear and protective workwear. (back to top)
ANSI
- The Anti-Ocular Intrusion System is a technology used by Native Sunglasses to prevent your lenses from shooting toward your eyes in the event of a high-velocity impact.
Anti-Ocular Intrusion System
(back to top) - Aramid is a fire-resistant and strong synthetic fiber, developed by Stephanie Kwolek in 1961. It's a shortened form of "aromatic polyamide". "Kevlar" is Dupont's trade name for Aramid. (back to top)
Aramid
- A Nautilus footwear system combining a removable sockliner and a midsole, both made of polyurethane, to reduce impact and stress on the foot. This design offers unparalleled cushioning and shock absorption, reducing impact and stress on the foot, leg and back by dissipating shock which would otherwise contribute to neck, back and leg injuries. (back to top)
Athletech
- Athletic Soles have omni-directional shallow lugs. They provide shallow grip and are light weight so they won't slow you down. They are not self-cleaning, this means they will pick up mud, adding to their weight and decreasing grip.
Athletic Soles
(back to top) - Bar tacks are very short thread reinforcements for stress points. (back to top)
Bar Tacks
- A broad folding tongue stitched to the shoe quarter on either side. It's used to prevent water and snow from penetrating to the foot at the front opening of the shoe. (back to top)
Bellows Tongue
- Describes a fabric characterized by a small geometric pattern with a center dot resembling a bird's eye. (back to top)
Birdseye
- A 5 to 5.5 oz leather that is heavily oiled in the tanning process. It's black in color and has high oil content. (back to top)
Black Odessa
- A shoe where the tongue and vamp are one piece. The quarters are draped over the vamp and laced together. (back to top)
Blucher
- Uses a multi-coat Z-Oxide mirror surface over neutral slate lenses. It diminishes glare by absorbing reflection across the mirrored surface. In snow it counteracts the white with a light transmission of 7.19%, but distorts other colors. (back to top)
Blue Ice Tint Lens
- An everyday lens tint with blue mirror coating over a neutral slate lens. Blue lunar mirror increases the visual contrast of regular neutral slate lenses offering heightened detail in both bright sunlight and lower light conditions. It's good for sight fishing. Light transmission is equal to 10.02%. (back to top)
Blue Lunar Mirror Tint Lens
- Naturally water-resistant, produced at a lighter weight and is more abrasion-resistant than cow hide. (back to top)
Boar Hide Leather
- Offers very high contrast and depth perception, but it distorts color. It's good for object definition in hazy sun and for high-glare sports like skiing, fishing or sailing. (back to top)
Brown Tint Lens
- A Buz Sole has a barrel edge with no visible cleats in profile. (back to top)
Buz Sole
- Provides lightweight cushioning and flexibility. (back to top)
C-Cap
- Cambrelle is made of mesh bi-component fibers. It allows the lining to conform to the constant motions of the foot to prevent chafing while also providing high levels of abrasion resistance. It is designed to move moisture away from skin for a drying effect and reduction of friction. (back to top)
Cambrelle
- Refers to a firm closely woven cloth usually of linen, hemp, or cotton used for clothing and formerly much used for tents and sails, straitjackets and sandbags. Originally, it meant cloth woven from hemp fibers. People not in the business may call it duck cloth. (back to top)
Canvas
Carhartt Linings
- Arctic Quilt- The warmest lining Carhartt offers. Easy to slide on and off nylon taffeta quilted to a layer of high loft polyester batting. It provides maximum warmth in extremely cold conditions.
- Quilted Flannel- 100% brushed polyester tricot quilted to polyester batting provides softness with superior warmth without layering.
- Blanket- Non-bulky acrylic/polyester blended to provide a layer of warmth on brisk days.
- Mid-Weight Quilt- Durable, smooth nylon taffeta with resilient polyester batting delivers warmth without bulk for outer layering in moderate conditions.
- Thermal- 100% polyester raschel knit adds an extra layer of comfort and warmth for cool weather.
- In this rugged construction, the upper is shaped around the bottom of the last, rather than flared out, and then is cemented to the combined midsole/outsole unit. This process helps cut weight and provides a narrower profile for the boot. (back to top)
Cement Construction
- Cainsaw Cut Resistant footwear is designed to to protect the foot area between the toe and lower leg. This footwear must meet the ASTM F1818 Specification for Foot Protection for Chainsaw Users standard. (back to top)
Chainsaw Cut Resistant
- Describes a cut out, molded or formed area where a knife handle and blade meet. This positions and guards the index finger while gripping the opened knife. (back to top)
Choil
- Tends to be blue-green and is softer and stretchier than vegetable-tanned leather. It is very stable and durable while used in water. However, it does not resist perspiration or organic acids well. (back to top)
Chrome-Tanned Leather
- Are similar to standard hooks, but they are narrower in the notch. When a lace is pulled tight through a cinch hook, the hook will hold it securely until a knot is tied. Cinch hooks are frequently used at the flex notch (where the boot is designed to bend). This allows someone lacing boots to keep tension in the lower eyelets or rings while the upper part of the boot is laced. (back to top)
Cinch Hooks
- Clarino Fibers are thousands of times finer than silk. Ultra-fine fibers are more flexible and move freely within the spaces of the fabric. This synthetic leather repels wind, water, stains and mildew. It can be dry cleaned or machine washed, and is featured in many of our Mechanix Gloves and Ironclad Gloves. (back to top)
Clarino Fibers
- All seams of a glove are sewn on top, leaving a smooth surface on the palm side. (back to top)
Clute Cut
- A doublesided fabric that wicks away moisture from the skin and circulates body heat. UnderArmour recommends it for temperatures under 55 degrees Fahrenheit. Check out our warming line of Under Armour headwear and shirts. (back to top)
ColdGear
- A type of insole by Georgia Boot that uses thick return cushions to collect energy and add spring when you lift your foot. It features a unique air flow system containing tiny air holes that force air through the insole as you walk.
Comfort Core
(back to top) - Composite Toe Boots and Shoes are rated ANSI Z41 PT91 I/75 C/75. Composite toe boots protect feet where non-metallic footwear is required. Composite toe footwear must be replaced after being involved in a footwear-related accident. (back to top)
Composite
- Wolverine is taking comfort one step further to create the world's most comfortable boots and shoes with the Compressor comfort system. Guaranteed.
Compressor
The comfort begins with the Wolverine Durashocks® insole that features two polymer pads connected by a unique transfer bridge to cushion the full foot.Under the insole is the first layer of the two-piece compression system with built in shank for added stability. The second layer contains compression chambers embedded in the midsole to absorb 50% more shock and return 30% more energy in every step.
Direct attach midsole bonds with the Wolverine Durashocks® TPU outsole for flexibility, long wearing performance and comfort. (back to top) - Is intended to provide protection for the wearer against hazards that may result from static electricity buildup and to reduce the possibility of ignition of explosives or volatile chemicals. It's designed to discharge static electricity from your body through your shoes into grounded floors. (back to top)
Conductive Footwear
- Ironclad's's proprietary palm pattern used on all Impact Series gloves. Jointed 3D palm geometry gives a solid, comfortable grip on tools, while 100% silicone pads deflect impact forces away from your hand. (back to top)
Contourgrip
- A collar designed to be worn with the neck button either fastened or unfastened. (back to top)
Convertible Collar
- DuPont CoolMax is a high-performance fabric that can help the athletic performance of the people who wear it. Using DuPont's proprietary Dacron;¨ fibers, CoolMax moves sweat away from the body to the outer layer of the fabric, where it dries faster than any other fabric. (In moisture management tests, garments made with CoolMax ® dried almost completely in 30 minutes. Cotton, by comparison, remained wet by nearly 50%. (back to top)
CoolMax
- A nylon material that is very durable and comes in a range of thicknesses. It is breathable, has a rough texture and becomes fuzzy through extended wear. It dries faster and weighs less than leather. (back to top)
Cordura
- A heavy canvas treated to make it water-resistant. You can find this material in a host of Carhartt Jackets and Cornerstone Work Jackets. (back to top)
Cotton Duck
- A type of leather very consistent in quality and weight with a flexibility in finishes. It's the most common garment leather, and resists water and dirt. (back to top)
Cowhide
- CR-Foam acts as an insulator or "neutral medium" for conducting hot and cold external temperatures. It will not crack. CR-Foam is a super dense material, but is lightweight, flexible and buoyant. (back to top)
CR-Foam
- A polyester material used by Helly Hansen that allows conservation of body heat while allowing perspiration to pass through. (back to top)
Crafter Fleece
- A type of leather that has oil applied under pressure at high temperature to achieve a rugged finish. It is water-resistant for about 2 hours. If you're into this, we carry some Crazy Horse footwear by Carolina Boots and in a Western style, by Double-H Boots. (back to top)
Crazy Horse Leather
- A sock that extends beyond the ankle, but not beyond the largest part of the calf. Typically 9 to 12 inches in length. (back to top)
Crew Length
- Combine a Z-Oxide mirror over neutral slate lenses. It diminishes glare by absorbing reflection across the mirror face. Ideal for most activities where glare is a major factor. Light transmission: 20.09% Best for computer eyestrain, but causes color distortion. (back to top)
Crimson Red Lenses
- This unique footwear fabric, from the makers of Gore-Tex® fabric, delivers the best liquid penetration resistance against blood and body fluids as well as superior waterproof, breathable performance. (back to top)
CrossTech
- A cushioned lining designed to add comfort through an additional layer of padding as well as managing the internal environment of the footwear to keep you more comfortable. (back to top)
Cushmesh Lining
- Let laces pass through easily, which provides speed in lacing. Also, since D-rings put no tension on the laces, one pull will tighten or loosen several junctions simultaneously. However, D-rings won't hold tension on laces once they're tightened. For this reason, D-rings are typically used in combination with eyelets or cinch hooks to offer both lacing speed and a strong grip. (back to top)
D-rings
- DBL outsoles are up to 50% lighter than traditional materials. DBL is a natural brilliant white without using the whitening chemicals that weaken the outsole and make it more brittle. The purity results in: no fading or streaking for the life of the shoe, resistance to stains and chipping and an increased softness and flexibility. (back to top)
DBL
- To indent a figure or design into a surface. (back to top)
Deboss
- Deerskin is recognized for its long-term wearability and non-slip grip. Caiman Gloves uses this material in many of its Work Gloves. (back to top)
Deerskin
- Denim has been in American usage since the late 18th century as a rugged cotton twill textile. It has the familiar diagonal ribbing identifiable on the reverse of the fabric, which distinguishes denim from cotton duck. (back to top)
Denim
- Direct Attach shoes are specially designed to make boots lighter and more flexible without sacrificing durability. With this method, the sole chemically bonds directly to the boot in manufacturing, providing optimal durability and flex. (back to top)
Direct Attach
- A cotton and polyester blended fabric that pulls moisture away from the skin and accelerates evaporation to keep you cooler and drier. (back to top)
Dri-Fast
- Has excellent abrasion resistance and is the only knit lining in the world approved by the American Podiatric Medical Association. It was made to be a step above Cambrelle in quality and uses a special hydrophilic nylon moisture control fiber to wick away moisture. This lining is found in many of our top brand items, including Wolverine Boots and Shoes. (back to top)
Dri-Lex
- Refers to the type of material that is used in the vamp lining. It is a cotton type material that is used in basic footwear that pulls moisture away from the foot. It is not insulation, but a means to wick away dampness from the foot. (back to top)
Drill Vamp Lining
- This technology provides an accurate and precise method of dissipating static electricity. These Dual Resistors work in conjunction with the construction of the footwear to maintain the resistance in the area of 1 to 5 megohms. DR technology means that if one of the two resistors fails, the electrical current will continue to flow into the grounding path to dissipate the electrostatic charges. (back to top)
Dual Resistor ESD
- The term "dungaree" was associated with a coarse undyed calico (cotton) fabric that was produced and sold in a region near Dongari Killa (also called Fort George) in Bombay (now Mumbai) in India. You can find some nice dungarees in our Carhartt Pants section.l (back to top)
Dungarees
- Buttons trademarked for Devon & Jones. Extremely durable polyester buttons, they withstand more pressure than the average button. (back to top)
Dura-Pearl
- A modified EVA foam promoted as more durable and softer than regular EVA. It is also anti-bacterial. (back to top)
Durapontex
- A Wolverine brand name for their lightweight dual-density construction that weighs one third as much as rubber, yet absorbs four times the force. Both Wolverine Boots and Bates Boots utilize this technology. (back to top)
Durashocks
- Electrical shock resistant (EH) footwear is manufactured with non-conductive electrical shock-resistant soles and heels. The outsole is intended to provide a secondary source of electric shock resistance protection to the wearer against the hazards from an incidental contact with live electrical circuits, electrically energized conductors, parts or apparatus. It must be capable of withstanding the application of 14,000 volts at 60 hertz for one minute with no current flow or leakage current in excess of 3.0 milliamperes, under dry conditions. We've got loads of Electrical Hazard-resistant Boots and Shoes to help protect you.
Electrical Hazard Resistance
WARNING: EH non-conductive footwear is not to be worn near explosives or in other environments requiring Conductive footwear. (back to top) - Polyurethane rim with C-Cap core. It works to disperses the shock of impact to provide stability while maintaining cushioning and comfort. (back to top)
Encap
- Static Dissipative and built with a micro-compact molecular structure that produces a tighter bond and a denser, more durable slip-resistant sole that will not mark. (back to top)
Endurance XStatic Outsole
- A fabric softening process that gives a soft hand to fabric and wears the color down very slightly. It doesn't have a washed-out look like pigment dying. (back to top)
Enzyme Wash/Sea Washed
- This material is superior at reducing friction, which in turn prevents heat that causes moisture, leaving your feet cool and dry. (back to top)
ETC
- EVA Foam Material is durable plastic foam material made of EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) resin. Traditional EVA foam material is mainly used for shoe insoles, sport goods, mats for karate, taekwondo, yoga, martial art exercises, and machinery cushion. (back to top)
EVA
- Expanded rubber offers a high degree of compressibility and displays fast recovery upon release from compression because air can pass freely between its cells. (back to top)
Expanded Rubber
- Round grommets that are the strongest, least expensive lacing system. However, they also require the longest time to lace and unlace. Laces must be threaded through and tightened at each pair of eyelets for a snug fit. (back to top)
Eyelets
- A process through which fibers, yarns, and fabrics are passed to improve their appearance, feel and/or performance in preparation for their end use. (back to top)
Fabric Finishing
- Works on the principle of air insulation. Multiple curled fibres create a layer which traps air and collects body warmth. Compared to fleece, Fibre Pile provides more insulation because of the thickness of the layer. It allows faster heat exchange and transportation of perspiration, but it is more open and has a lower wind resistance. (back to top)
Fibre Pile
- A soft bulky deep-piled knitted or woven fabric used chiefly for clothing. This provides air space giving good insulating properties without too much weight. Compared to plain cotton or wool, fleece dries more quickly, provides greater warmth at less weight, and is very breathable. Fleece has the ability to wick moisture away from the skin. You'll dicover loads of this material in our Carhartt Sweatshirts, Under Armour Seatshirts, and Polar King Jackets sections, among others. (back to top)
Fleece
- Any component applied or molded at the sole that overlaps the upper; a piece of material such as leather applied as a trim or reinforcement on the upper of a shoe. It's often found as a band of rubber on canvas sneakers. (back to top)
Foxing
- Comes from the top of the skin, or epidermis level, where fibers are tighter together and therefore stronger. The outer layer is printed or smoothly finished. It is breathable and water resistant (2 hours) and bears a high abrasion resistance (hard-wearing). Full-grain leather may require a break-in period. (back to top)
Full-Grain Leather
- A wash process where softeners are added to finished garments to help the cotton fibers relax or bloom. The result is a fabric with a thicker appearance, reduced shrinkage and a softer feel. (back to top)
Garment-Washed
- Refers to the small placket on the arm of a woven sport shirt to create more ease of movement. (back to top)
Gauntlet
Glove Construction
- Clute Cut- Offers a seamless palm area with parallel seams on back. Finger seams are closer to the working area.
- Gunn Cut- Has no seams on the back but has a seam at the base of the middle fingers. Finger seams are further from the working area.
- Reversible Pattern- Allows glove to be worn by either hand since the thumb is situated perfectly on the side of the glove.
Glove Cuffs
- Knit Wrist- Designed to fit snugly.
- Safety Cuff- General purpose, 2 1/2" cuff.
- Gauntlet Cuff- Extra protection, 41/2" cuff.
Glove Thumbs
- Keystone Thumb- Conforms to the natural shape and position of the thumb, resulting in superior movement and comfort.
- Wing Thumb- Angled construction allows good flexibility with no seams on the palm side to obstruct work or wear out.
- Staight Thumb- Basic design that points vertically and is good for gripping.
- A thin piece of leather sewn into the seams to protect threads against sparks and abrasion. (back to top)
Glove Welting
- Items returned to Working Person's Store for an exchange or credit must be in its original packaging, if applicable, with its original tags. (back to top)
Good Condition
- Stitches the upper fabric, lining, and sole together, creating a single unit for added durability A welt (ribbon of leather or rubber) is stitched to the boot upper, insole and lining in one operation. Then the outsole is stitched to the bottom of the welt. The outsole is wider than the boot, and stitching is apparent. Goodyear Welt boots are extremely tough. They provide excellent traction and the best lateral stability of all boots. The soles are easier to repair. However, Goodyear Welt technology creates heavier, less flexible footwear. (back to top)
Goodyear/Leather Welt
- State-of-the-art Gore-Tex® fabric linings offer the highest performance in durable, waterproof, breathable footwear technology. GORE-TEX® has over 9 billion holes per square inch that prevents water from getting to your feet while allowing sweat vapor to pass right through keeping your feet dry and comfortable in all conditions. (back to top)
Gore-Tex
- Is a rubber-coated synthetic leather that provides excellent grip on all surfaces, even when wet or oily. Gorilla Grip is durable, flexible and washable. (back to top)
Gorilla Grip
- Permanently shaded from top to bottom or from top and bottom toward the middle. There are single gradient lenses (dark on top and lighter on the bottom) and double gradient lenses (dark on top and bottom and lighter in the middle). The single gradient lenses are useful for driving because they reduce glare while allowing you to see clearly, but are not good for sports. Double gradient lenses are the opposite-they are better for sports where light reflects up off the water or snow, but not for driving, because they make the dashboard appear dim. Tinting has little to no effect on UV protection. (back to top)
Gradient Tint Lenses
- A closely woven silk or rayon fabric with narrow horizontal ribs. (back to top)
Grosgrain
- A micro-cellular, synthetic compound used for Vibram soles. It combines slip-resistance with the long-wearing characteristics of rubber, yet is half the weight. Vibram Gumlite maintains its physical properties and slip-resisting characteristics in cold weather. (back to top)
GumLite
- A lightweight, quick-drying microfiber which expands, allowing moisture to bead off your body as you sweat. It's a signature technology in Under Armour Shirts. (back to top)
HeatGear
- Refers to a contoured cup that centers and holds the heel in the back of the boot. (back to top)
Heel Counter
- Occurs when the heel establishes friction and initiates your body's sense of stability through ground contact. This occurs at a 20° angle and can generate a force equal to 2-5 times your bodyweight. (back to top)
Heel Strike
- A twilled fabric with a herringbone pattern. This design is made up of rows of parallel lines, which in any two adjacent rows slope in opposite directions. (back to top)
Herringbone
- High-loft polyester insulation with hollow fibers. (back to top)
Hollofil
- DuPont's patented blend of four-hole fibers allows Hollofil® II to provide greater warmth without added weight. Hollofil® II is designed to be compact and soft, yet resilient and refluffable. DuPont Hollofil® II provides: increased warmth through four-hole fibers that trap more air, softer insulation that conforms to body shape for greater comfort and machine washability/dryability, along with being non-allergenic. (back to top)
Hollofil II
- Are the fastest lacing system, but they are the least secure. If the laces loosen while the boots are worn, they may work out of a hook, and the boots will become unlaced. The strongest hooks (and most costly) are machined; stamped hooks are weaker and less expensive. Also, the best attachment system is with small steel washers to hold hooks in place. (back to top)
Hooks
- A thick, heavily cleated industrial sole. (back to top)
Hud
- Nylon fabric moves moisture away from the body. (back to top)
Hydrofil
- Hyper-dri is a 100% waterproof barrier that allows perspiration to escape. Hyper-dri material allows water vapor to be absorbed into the material, and then diffuses it across the barrier with evaporation on the opposite side. Feet stay dry and comfortable all-day long. (back to top)
Hyper-dri
- These fabrics by Westex are a blend of 88% cotton and 12% high tenacity nylon. The nylon fibers are intimately blended with cotton fibers in the warp yarns. These fibers are spun using ring-spinning technology to produce the highest strength fabric possible. The product is engineered to focus the abrasion resistance of the nylon on the face of the fabric to enhance garment wear life, while the cotton fibers are focused towards the skin to optimize comfort. The fabrics are fully flame resistant. You'll find it in our store in flame-resistant apparel by brand names such as National Safety Apparel and Key Clothing. (back to top)
Indura
- A heavy milled, oiled full-grain leather. (back to top)
Industrial Bear
- Has a double knit construction, which makes this a thicker knit fabric. Similar to a Jersey knit except both front and back of the fabric look identical. Interlock is the tightest weave, gives the smoothest surface and the finest hand. (back to top)
Interlock Fabric
- This unique outsole (patent pending) is the most slip-resistant outsole on the market. Designed with a series of hexagonal shaped lugs that form an interlocking pattern, the evenly spaced hex-lugs offer a unique design that creates "flow" channels. These unobstructed channels direct liquid away from the lugs allowing for more surface contact. The result, instead of a hydroplaning effect of a regular flat outsole, the Interlockú outsole grips more floor surface for greater effectiveness. It's used by Nautilus and Skidbuster brands. (back to top)
Interlock Outsole
- Comes from the French word "Genes" used to describe the pants sailors from Genoa once wore. We've got a warehouse full of 'em, including Carhartt Jeans, Dickies Jeans, and Wrangler Jeans, among others. What'd you expect? (back to top)
Jeans
- Shows an intermeshing of stitches in the same direction on the face and a series of semicircular loops on the back. Thus the 2 sides appear different. It is also used as a general term referring to any knit fabric without a distinct rib. (back to top)
Jersey Knit
- Offers a combination of armor-like toughness and light weight. (Its fibers grow in a cross-hatch pattern, which provides this strength.) (back to top)
Kangaroo Leather
- 5 times stronger than steel on an equal weight basis, yet, at the same time, it's lightweight, flexible and comfortable. We see it in many of our Welding Gloves. (back to top)
Kevlar
- Filter out blue light waves which are the chief components of glare and haze. They provide contrast enhancements in medium to low light conditions so they're especially effective on hazy or overcast roads. Light transmission: 53.23% (back to top)
Light Rust Lenses
- Has a straight cut heel to climb ladders and spikes. There's also a diamond pattern for stability and traction. This sole was also designed to prevent tracking dirt into homes by outdoor workers. Sometimes called an Austin sole. (back to top)
Lineman Sole by Vibram
- Has lugs angled to provide substantial edging capabilities. Center medallion of traditional carrarmato lugs provide maximum traction. A straight cut heel has paired lugs for stability. You can find Logger Boots here at WPS by brands such as Chippewa Boots and Gearbox Boots. (back to top)
Logger Sole
- A hard rubber cleat with a sharp outside edge for digging or wedging into hard surfaces such as rocks, dry dirt or clay. Their drawback is that, since the lugs are deep and closely spaced, mud packs around them and is difficult to get out. (back to top)
Lug
- An elastic yarn comprised of at least 85% segmented polyurethane thus giving it the ability to stretch repeatedly and still recover to very near its original length and shape. It doesn't break down with exposure to body oils, perspiration, lotions, or detergents. (back to top)
Lycra/Spandex
- Shock absorbing relief on the most unforgiving concrete and tile surfaces. Blown urethane process traps muscle-saving, fatigue-beating air within every sole. Maxum urethane grabs tight and hold on in wet or slippery environments. Internal components give this sole an ESD rating that meets ANSI Z41 requirements. (back to top)
Maxum Lite Outsole
- A thick to medium thick tightly woven wool with heavily brushed nap giving the fabric a smooth finish with no warp or weft yarns visible. (back to top)
Melton Wool
- A treatment for cotton that swells the fiber and gives it luster or shine. It slightly pre-shrinks the yarn and makes it stronger. (back to top)
Mercerization
- A special, fine grade of wool that originally came from Merino sheep. It has all of the characteristics classic to wool, but what makes Merino wool different is the luxurious softness and comfort provided by the fine diameter Merino fibers. Unlike traditional wool, Merino wool does not itch and is shrink-treated to hold its size and shape even after repeated washings. Working Person's Store carries a wide selection of Merino wool socks. (back to top)
Merino Wool
- An anti-microbial product that inhibits the growth of bacteria, mold, and mildew that cause odor and stains. You can find it in various Teva Shoes and Sandals. (back to top)
Microban
- Half the diameter of a fine silk fiber, one-third the diameter of cotton, one-quarter the diameter of fine wool, and one hundred times finer than human hair. Generally stronger and more breathable than regular fabrics. (back to top)
Microfibers
- A process using a specially developed monofilament thread designed to fuse into a garment. It uses microwaves to create a molecular bond that is actually stronger than the original fabric and will not split or leak. This is commonly used with waterproof Helly Hansen Rain Gear. (back to top)
Microweld
- Originates from the Algonquian language for foot covering. (back to top)
Moccasin
- The long, silky hair of the Angora goat, 2 1/2 times stronger than wool but lighter in weight; has smoother surface; can stretch and come back up to 30%. (back to top)
Mohair
- Pronounced like Molly, the feminine name, it's an acronym for Modular Lightweight Load-carrying Equipment. (back to top)
MOLLE
- Heavier than deerskin and has a soft, buttery feel. Any scars or scratches are natural characteristics of the wild moose. You sometimes find it used in Minnetonka Moccasins. (back to top)
Moose Hide
- A process that leads to softer, more pliable leather. (back to top)
Mulling
- A synthetic fiber that is exclusive to Nautica. Sheared on both front and back to eliminate pilling, this performance fabric will keep you warm while wicking away perspiration. This dense knit is also 'hydrothermal'. It will retain body heat if it becomes saturated. (back to top)
Nautex
- A synthetic rubber material designed to act flexibly, durably, and to resist breakdown by water. It is form fitting and resilient. Because air and water become isolated in its unique molecular structure, Neoprene is temperately stable which makes products made from this material waterproof and breathable. It resists degradation from sun, ozone and weather and is useful over a wide temperature range. (back to top)
Neoprene
- Good for general purpose use. These lenses will provide maximum glare reduction without distorting colors. Ideal for most activities and sports where glare is a major factor. Light transmission: 20.23%. (back to top)
Neutral Slate Lenses
- A feature some companies require as a safety requirement. This is of particular interest to companies that have employees climbing: railroad, utility companies, elevator repair and so on. It can be argued that a 90 degree heel will “bite” into a rung better to help prevent slipping of the rung. An additional requirement that often accompanies the 90 degree heel is that the heel be at least 1” in height. (back to top)
Ninety Degree Heel
- A general purpose material resistant to a large variety of oils and greases. It can withstand higher temperatures than regular rubber. (back to top)
Nitrile Rubber
- The inherently flame-resistant properties provided by NOMEX mean that those who rely on it are safe and protected from the hazards they face on the job every day. It is that knowledge and sense of security that enables them to concentrate on the task at hand, and to make a substantial contribution to things that are important in our every day lives. You can find Nomex in Bulwark Protective Apparel. (back to top)
Nomex
- Is an "effect" that is done to the grain side of leather making it incredibly soft. The brushing also makes the leather even more absorbent than Aniline Leathers. It is often mistaken for suede, but is stronger. Aquaseal makes a nice conditioner for Nubuck that adds waterproofing. (back to top)
Nubuck
- A very strong, versatile, hard wearing fiber. Socks made of nylon can be thin and silky or bulky and highly elastic. Nylon is often used with other fibers to give added stretch or to improve durability. (back to top)
Nylon
- A revolutionary alternative to leather. Offers advantages that leather simply cannot match. Specifically formed, high performance nylon microfibers are nearly indistinguishable from the collagen fibers of leather; yet are three times stronger with better abrasion resistance and water resistance. (back to top)
Nytek
- Makes the leather soft and flexible. It's also called the "chamoise" method, and was used by Native American for their prized buckskin clothes. (back to top)
Oil Tanning
- A superior moisture repellent fiber that won't accept moisture. It is used alone or with absorbent outer layers that work together to wick moisture away from your body. It is very strong and has the lowest specific gravity (lightest) of any synthetic fiber. (back to top)
Olefin (Polypropylene)
- An old European way of making footwear. It is all handsewn, attaching the upper, the sole and the sock lining at one time with double needle stitching. This creates the flexibility of an unconstructed moccasin. (back to top)
Opanka
- An open cell polyurethane base foam. The unique open cell structure of OrthoLite enables air to travel through and around the insole creating a cooler environment inside the shoe and aiding in moisture transport. It includes a patented biocide to fight fungus and bacteria. It can be washed without losing it's biocidal properties. (back to top)
OrthoLite
- Outlast Temperature Regulating Fibers minimize the reliance on trapped air for insulating. Instead, micro-thermal materials absorb, store, distribute and release heat in response to the body's comfort needs. This minimizes changes in thermal comfort by neutralizing uncomfortable and potentially dangerous temperature extremes, regardless of the outside environment.
Outlast
Outlast refers to a lining that continuously interacts with the unique microclimate of the human body and the environment to moderate temperature from being too hot or too cold to being just right. It will keep individuals comfortable by absorbing body heat when too much is created, thereby diminishing the amount of moisture in their clothing. The clothing essentially stays drier and maintains its effectiveness. Outlast garments will release stored heat back to the body when it begins to chill. (back to top) - A sock that extends above the largest part of the calf. Typically 15" or longer. (back to top)
Over-the-Calf
- Date back to the 18th century and were first called "slops," according to costume historian Sandra Ros Altman. At first, they weren't very comfortable and people who wore them were looked down upon, as they didn't fit well, and were made of coarse, cheap but durable cloth. We carry much-improved Carhartt Overalls, and Dickies Overalls. (back to top)
Overalls
- Refers to a style of leather shoe. Oxford shoes are traditionally constructed of heavy leather and were historically rather plain, often made of untanned leather. The design of the shoe is often plain, but may include some small ornamentation or perforations. (back to top)
Oxford
- Usually, a short length sock that falls below the ankle bone. (back to top)
Ped
- An alloy that can be traced back through over 5000 years of history to the time of the Bronze age. Modern pewter alloys are composed of at least 90% tin with small amounts of copper and antimony. Unlike other metals, pewter oxidizes very slowly and evenly. This gentle process means your pewter gradually shows a soft worn patina that adds to its charm. (back to top)
Pewter
- An injection-molded unit made of a combination of 60% Phylon and 40% rubber. Phylite is lighter than rubber, but heavier than Phylon and functions as both midsole and outsole. By eliminating a separate midsole and outsole the weight of the shoe is greatly reduced and flexibility is increased. (back to top)
Phylite
- Very lightweight, low-profile and responsive. Phylon is made of EVA foam pellets that are compressed, heat-expanded and then cooled in a mold. Compression-molded Phylon midsoles can be sculpted into a variety of designs that are identified by their fine wrinkles. (back to top)
Phylon
- A term used when the knitted cloth is dyed before being assembled into a finished product. (back to top)
Piece-Dyed
- The 100% polyester velour construction creates air pockets that trap air and retain body heat. Unlike less expensive fleece fabrics, Polartec® Classics maintain their insulating ability and non-pilling appearance after repeated laundering. These fabrics are available in a range of weights to provide the right level of insulation for most outdoor activities. You can find Polartec in products by Cold Avenger. (back to top)
Polartec®
- Two hydrophobic (moisture repelling) fibers that are known for their durability and are extremely colorfast for vivid coloration. (back to top)
Polyester & Stretch Polyester
- Polyurethane consists of two components: polyol and isocyanate. The two components have to be mixed together at a temperature of approx. 50°C (122 °F). The consequence is a foaming reaction resulting in polyurethane material. The foamed structure contains tiny air bubbles which explains why polyurethane boots are much lighter (40% on average) than traditional PVC or rubber boots. Air is known to be the best isolator. That is why polyurethanes were originally used as isolation material for roofs! With polyurethane boots your feet will be warm in winter time. Whereas in summer, the breathing properties of the material, will prevent your feet from heavy perspiration. In addition the material remains flexible, even at extreme temperatures of - 30° C, when rubber and PVC tend to break. (back to top)
Polyurethane
- A manmade material that maintains a high glossy shine. There are a number of shoes with this feature by Thorogood Boots on our site. (back to top)
Poromeric
- These performance urethanes offer superior comfort and performance for the life of the boot. The open-cell breathable materials wick away moisture and keep the foot cool. They also offer excellent resistance to compression, outstanding shock absorption, and long-lasting lightweight cushioning. Plus, anit-microbial and bacterial protection stops growth of odor-causing bacteria. (back to top)
Poron®
- Involves stitching a leather upper to a welt and stretching it over a heated bronze form. Then a pure rubber outsole is molded directly to the leather. Thus, the welt and vulcanized bottom become one. This process is inexpensive, and the result is one of the most durable construction processes. Disadvantages include slightly higher weight and the inability to waterproof these boots without using a waterproof membrane bootie. On soles, it is more durable than rubber, though less slip- and heat-resistant. PU has a smooth rubbery feel and a tendency to turn yellow with age. (back to top)
Process 82
- A short crew sock, similar in length to a mid-crew sock. Typically 6" to 9" in length. (back to top)
Quarter Length
- A lightweight flat or molded piece of graphite material biomechanically positioned in the midsole which maximizes rear foot stability. Rollbar ® can be combined with a TPU medial and or lateral post for motion control. (back to top)
Rollbar ®
- The Muscle Shoe series from Red Wing Shoes incorporates a system that uses a lining surrounding the foot with the Hydro-Pro barrier that keeps water out. The three layer system has an inner moisture wicking fabric that moves moisture away from the foot. (back to top)
RW Dry Waterpoofing System
- Wolverine SEMC® safety-toes are rated ANSI Z41 PT99 I/75 and CAN/CSA Z195 - M92 Grade 1. Boots and shoes with SEMC® safety-toes protect feet where non-metallic footwear is required. SEMC® safety-toes are 30% lighter than steel toes. Safety footwear that is damaged or involved in any accident may fail to provide future protection and must be replaced. (back to top)
SEMC®
- A sock knit to a number of specific sizes (not size ranges) that correlates (although not directly) with a persons shoe size. They will be sized by number, ranging from size 8 to 15. (back to top)
Sized Sock
- Soiled footwear includes, but are not limited to, cotton from a sock ground in the lining of footwear, any signs of wear on the sole or scuffs on the leather. Soiled footwear or clothing includes the presence of any animal hair, dust, debris or odor. Any item of clothing that was washed is also considered soiled. In other words, if the footwear or clothing looks or smells used or worn it is considered soiled. (back to top)
Soiled
- To be marketed as Electric Static Dissipating Footwear, a shoe must pass testing requirements established by ANSI. Shoes can be classified as SD Type I or SD Type II. SD Type I must offer electrical resistance greater than 1, but less than 100 megohms. SD Type II offer electrical resistance greater than 1, but less than 1,000 megohms.
Static Dissipating (SD or ESD)
Electro Static Discharge or ESD is the shock that is felt when a person walks across a carpet and touches a door knob and a discharge of electricity occurs between that person and the door. That shock was actually a discharge of electricity in the range of 2000 to 3000 volts as the shock voltage has to be at least 2000 volts before the human body can feel it. The reason the 2000 volt ESD discharge does not kill someone is that the current is very low but that same voltage can kill electronic components or can possibly ignite volatile chemicals or explosives. Furthermore did you know that studies have shown that a static charge built up by scuffing shoes on a carpet can exceed 20,000 volts?
Humidity itself has an effect on Electro Static Discharges as the higher the humidity the fewer problems that occur with ESD. Studies have shown that in an area with more than 50% humidity it is more difficult for a discharge from a human to exceed 2000 volts but at 5% humidity a discharge can easily exceed 15,000 volts! Therefore, humidity doesn't prevent ESD it just reduces the voltage level in a discharge and allows for materials to more easily discharge themselves through the atmosphere rather than through another object. (back to top) - Stitchdown construction provides a wider platform for increased stability. Boots constructed under this method can be re-soled, adding years of life. First, the upper is shaped to conform to the last, then flared out and cemented to the midsole. Then the upper and midsole are stitched together with heavy, interlocking thread to create an even more secure attachment. Finally, the outsole is cemented to the midsole upper unit. (back to top)
Stitchdown Construction
- Nylon strands that are air-entangled or crimped to provide elasticity. It is used to achieve stretch and recovery. (back to top)
Stretch Nylon
- A sock knit, in part, with yarns that have the ability to stretch and recover. This enables the sock to fit a range of shoe sizes. They will be sized as 2S, XS, SM, MS, MD, LG, XL or XXL. (back to top)
Stretch Sock
- The unique non-porous construction creates an absolute wall against wetness. And through the wonders of physics and chemistry, that same impenetrable water barrier actually transports perspiration, so feet can breathe too. Sympatex® offers superior fit. It can be stretched up to 300%. So you can imagine how easily it accommodates your feet, even under high performance situations that put a lot of stress on you and your footwear. Sympatex® is tough too, with up to seven times the mechanical strength of other waterproof materials. There's no way for dirt and grease to get in and clog things up, because there aren't any pores. (back to top)
Sympatex®
- An abrasion-resistant fabric lining that offers excellent moisture wicking capabilities with its rapid moisture release technology. The result is superior comfort. (back to top)
Taibrelle
- The Muscle Shoes provide lightweight torsional stability with an anatomically contoured shank plate. This component is an integrated piece of nylon designed with a solid instep area for multi-directional strength and a series of "fingers" that extend toward the ball of the foot to allow flexibility. (back to top)
TC Tech Plate
- The material is manufactured from 100% polyester fibers, needled and fusion-bonded together to provide a light but strong material. Texon® is heat resistant and therefore suitable for use in all shoe making conditions. It is permeable to air and moisture making it an excellent environment for foot health and comfort. It also has good abrasion resistance and can be used without a sock lining. (back to top)
Texon®
- Hollow core fibers prevent heat loss by trapping a layer of warm air around the foot while transporting perspiration to the outer layer of moisture absorbing fabric. It offers great softness and wicking ability. (back to top)
Thermax®
- A lightweight fabric providing breathability and warmth while moving moisture from the body by combining a thermally-efficient polymer and micro-sized hollow core fibers that heat up quickly and retain warmth. (back to top)
Thermolite®
- What makes Thinsulate insulation so important to a cold-weather boot? Three words: thin, warm, light.Thinness, of course, is crucial in a boot insulation. There is simply no room for anything bulky. And what better place to look for thin than the insulation that started it all: Thinsulate insulation.
Thinsulate
The same goes for warmth. Feet, being furthest from your body's center of heat, need insulation more than any other part of your body. With nearly twice the warmth of foam, felt or pile, Thinsulate insulation is just what feet need to stay warm and comfortable. Which brings up the third big benefit of Thinsulate insulation: It doesn't bog boots down with weight. In fact, it's one of the lightest synthetic insulations on the market. Boots are a unique part of the outdoor wardrobe because of the pounding they take. Each step exerts tremendous pressure on every boot component. But this harsh treatment is especially hard on insulation, which can become compacted. And since all insulations work by trapping microscopic pockets of air in their fibers, compacted insulations lose their effectiveness.
The qualities that make Thinsulate insulation ideal for boots are its compression resistance and durability. It can take a beating and still retain those little pockets of air so important for keeping feet warm. For years, many outdoor enthusiasts have chosen Thinsulate insulation over foam and felt based on one characteristic alone: its ability to retain warmth when wet. Thinsulate insulation absorbs less than 1% of its weight in water, so it keeps feet warm even in damp conditions.
The following are recommended gram weights for Footwear:
- 200 gram* Thinsulate Ultra Insulation for Footwear is recommended for cool conditions or for high activity levels where wearer generates/builds a lot of body heat through activity.
- 400 gram* Thinsulate Ultra Insulation for Footwear is recommended for cold conditions or for moderate activity levels where wearer generates/builds a normal amount of body heat through activity.
- 600 gram* Thinsulate Ultra Insulation for Footwear is recommended for very cold conditions or for very light activity levels where wearer generates/builds little body heat through activity.
- 800 gram* Thinsulate Ultra Insulation for Footwear is recommended for extremely cold conditions or for extremely light activity levels where wearer generates/builds minimal body heat through activity.
- 1,000 gram* Thinsulate Ultra Insulation for Footwear is recommended for unique applications requiring additional insulation.
* Grams per square meter of insulation. (back to top) - A Dunham exclusive. Multi-directional tread provides superior outsole traction through surface contact. (back to top)
Tru-Trak®
- Vibram® soles have become a legend throughout the world. Yet, the search for better soling products has never stopped. Vibram® soles are now found, not only on boots, but on a whole range of fine casual, service and dress footwear. Look for the distinctive Vibram® octagon with the Vibram® name inside; it's the symbol of excellence. Today, the Vibram® brand is recognized worldwide as the leader in high performance soling products for outdoor, dress casual, and service footwear. (back to top)
Vibram®
- The ability of a yarn to transport moisture away from itself. (back to top)
Wicking/Moisture Wicking
- (1=coolest; 100=warmest)
Wigwam Relative Warmth Rating
- 90-99: For Frigid weather
- 80-89: For Cold weather
- 70-79: For Cool weather
The Warmth ratings represent only a comparative warmth between Wigwam's boot socks, based on their ability to hold heat and keep your feet warm. (back to top) - The Wonder~Wick® Moisture Control System was developed by Wigwam Mills, Inc. to keep your feet warm, dry and comfortable. A moisture-repelling yarn next to the skin wicks the perspiration away from the foot. A moisture-absorbing fiber on the outside of the sock works with the inner fiber to ensure that the moisture stays away from the foot. A dry foot is warmer in the winter and cooler in the summer. The lack of moisture next to the foot is also instrumental in minimizing blisters. (back to top)
Wonder-Wick


